What are interest rates today?

By Joel Persinger
YourRealEstateDude.com

It is an inescapable reality that the easiest questions to ask are often the most difficult to answer. The most common question of this type in real estate lending is, “What are interest rates today?” At first glance the question seems quite simple and most people who ask it expect a hard number which they can be assured will apply to them if they chose to get a loan. The problem is that providing an accurate answer off the cuff is impossible, to say the least.

Every borrower has a different financial picture from every other borrower, and the specific pieces of information required to fit a specific borrower to a specific loan are numerous and complex. By way of example, the process of determining what interest rate a particular borrower will be quoted for a home loan depends upon the type of loan, the amount borrowed, the borrower’s credit score, the ratio between the value of the property and the amount borrowed, the ratio between the borrower’s income and current debt, the type of property purchased, the borrower’s intended use of the property and so on.

As simple as we might like it to be, there is no such thing as a one size fits all interest rate for home loans. Just as a clothier must work hard to help a customer select a business suit which is of the correct style, color and fit to help that customer look his best, so must a lender work hard to fit a loan to the specifics of a borrower and that borrower’s needs. For example: a borrower purchasing a $450,000 house as a personal residence with a 20% down payment, using a 30-year fixed rate loan with a credit score of 780 is going to pay a completely different interest rate than a borrower purchasing the same house as a rental with 30% down using an interest only loan with a credit score of 680. Since each customer and each situation is different, each loan and corresponding interest rate will be different as well. This is why good loan officers when asked the “what are interest rates today?” question will often respond by asking for more specifics about the borrower’s situation.

The problem is further exacerbated by the rapid tide changes within the current lending market. The days in which my grandfather went to the local bank to talk with the bank manager to discuss a loan are gone. In those days the bank loaned only the money it had on deposit from its customers. My grandfather could get a loan in the blink of an eye simply because the bank manager knew him personally and knew that he was a good credit risk. It was a relationship. It should also be noted that, because the banks only loaned the money they had on deposit, interest rates were determined by that bank and were often the same for long periods. They were much easier to predict and count on.

Today, the mortgage market is like a giant, interconnected spider web reaching across the world. It involves not only the bank on the corner, but banks across the world as well as the stock and bond markets in every nation. As the saying goes “When one part of the world’s financial market sneezes, the rest of the world catches cold”. Markets ebb and flow depending upon the actions or inactions of people, companies and governments all across the globe. Consequently, the interest rate that is quoted at noon on Monday may be completely different than the rate which will be quoted just one hour later. Adding this level of volatility to the already complicated process of fitting a specific loan to a specific borrower can make quoting rates off the cuff like predicting how many times a specific gambler at a specific craps table will throw a seven on any specific day.

So, the next time you ask your mortgage loan professional about current interest rates, perhaps you’ll better understand why that question always seems to be answered by more questions. Without the specifics, any interest rate you’re quoted is useless.